Sample description

1011 adults aged between 20 and 72 years outdated had been concerned. Gender was equally distributed within the ultimate pattern (49.8% males, 50.2% females). Age was stratified based mostly on the precise Italian inhabitants distribution as follows: 265 topics beneath 35 years (26.2%), 440 topics between 35 and 54 years (43.5%), and 306 topics above 54 years (30.3%). Participants had been additionally distributed by geographical areas to have a consultant pattern of respondents: 256 topics from North-West areas (25.3%), 189 from North-East (18.7%), 206 from Center areas (20.4%), 360 from South and Island areas (35.6%). The academic degree was additionally stratified in response to the precise Italian inhabitants distribution as follows: no academic title, n = 8 (0.8%), elementary college, n = 11 (1.1%), decrease secondary college, n = 170 (16.8%), larger secondary college, n = 575 (56.9%), educational diploma or larger, n = 247 (24.4%). Finally, 16.8% of respondents had been unemployed. Descriptive statistics for pro-environmental behaviors and well being consciousness subscale and whole rating are reported in Table 1.

Main findings

Statistically important variations emerged within the frequency of the completely different lessons of pro-environmental behaviors, F(4, 4028) = 1047.48, p < 0.001, η²_p = 0.51: beh_ener and beh_recy had the best frequency, adopted by beh_food, beh_sust, and beh_mobi. Although important results emerged for gender and age (Supplementary Table S1), these results had been beneath the impact dimension threshold of η²_p > 0.10 and they aren’t additional mentioned right here. The correlations of the completely different lessons of pro-environmental behaviors with well being consciousness whole rating and subscales are reported in a heath map in Fig. 1.

Correlation matrix for pro-environmental behaviors and well being consciousness subscale and whole scores. Pro-environmental behaviors associated to meals (beh_food), power (beh_ener), inexperienced buying (beh_sust), recycling (beh_recy), mobility (beh_moby). Health consciousness whole rating (hc_score), self-health consciousness (hc_shawa), private accountability (hc_presp), well being motivation (hc_hmoti).

Significant and moderate-to-robust correlations emerged for beh_food with hc_shawa, r = 0.42, p < 0.001, hc_presp, r = 0.39, p < 0.001, hc_hmoti, r = 0.39, p < 0.001, and hc_score, r = 0.46, p < 0.001; for beh_ener with hc_hmoti, r = 0.41, p < 0.001 and hc_score, r = 0.39, p < 0.001; for beh_recy with hc_shawa, r = 0.36, p < 0.001, hc_hmoti, r = 0.37, p < 0.001, and hc_score, r = 0.41, p < 0.001. No important correlations emerged with well being consciousness whole rating and subscales for beh_sust and beh_mobi.

The hierarchical steps of the regression analyses are reported within the Supplementary Table S2. Table 2 reviews the ultimate regression fashions together with all unbiased and joint results for the 5 separate lessons of pro-environmental behaviors. The ultimate mannequin defined 27% of variance for beh_food, F(7, 1003) = 55.49, p < 0.001, 20% of variance for beh_ener, F(7, 1003) = 37.04, p < 0.001, 11% of variance for beh_sust, F(7, 1003) = 19.73, p < 0.001, 20% of variance for beh_recy, F(7, 1003) = 38.04, p < 0.001, and three% of variance for beh_mobi, F(7, 1003) = 5.22, p < 0.001. For all of the goal lessons of pro-environmental behaviors, hc_score was a major, optimistic, and unbiased predictor (Fig. 2). Additionally, age was considerably related to beh_food, beh_ener, and beh_recy (Fig. 3): for these lessons of pro-environmental behaviors, older respondents (age > 54 years) had larger scores in comparison with youthful counterparts (age < 35 years). No important interactive results (p < 0.01) emerged.

The affiliation between well being consciousness (hc_score) and completely different pro-environmental behaviors associated to (A) meals, (B) power, (C) inexperienced buying, (D) recycling, (E) mobility. Pro-environmental behaviors associated to meals (beh_food), power (beh_ener), inexperienced buying (beh_sust), recycling (beh_recy), mobility (beh_moby). Health consciousness whole rating (hc_score). The proper backside panel reviews the density graphs depicting variables distribution.

Pro-environmental behaviors by age of respondents. ***p < 0.001.