LOS ANGELES — The costliest poll proposition gamble in U.S. historical past went bust Tuesday as California voters overwhelmingly rejected sports activities betting, capturing down initiatives by Native American tribes and the wagering business.

The two teams raised practically $600 million in competing efforts to broaden playing and seize a bit of a possible billion-dollar market within the nation’s most populous state. But voters didn’t desire a piece of that motion.

Supporters and opponents of the dueling measures flooded voters with a blast of ads on propositions that might have legalized sports activities playing by permitting it at tribal casinos and horse tracks or by cellular and on-line wagering.

The cash raised and spent greater than doubled the file quantity deployed in 2020 by Uber, Lyft and different app-based ride-hailing and supply providers to stop drivers from changing into staff eligible for advantages and job safety.

Still, preelection polls confirmed each poll measures confronted an uphill struggle to win a majority. More than 30 different states enable sports activities betting, however playing in California is at present restricted to Native American casinos, horse tracks, card rooms and the state lottery.

Proponents of the 2 initiatives proposed alternative ways to supply sports activities playing and every touted different advantages they mentioned would come to the state if their measure was authorised.

Proposition 26 would have allowed casinos and the state’s 4 main horse tracks to supply sports activities betting in individual. The initiative bankrolled by a coalition of tribes would even have allowed roulette and cube video games at casinos. A ten% tax would have helped pay for enforcement of playing legal guidelines and applications to assist playing addicts.

Proposition 27 would have allowed on-line and cellular sports activities betting for adults. Large gaming corporations would have needed to companion with a tribe concerned in playing or tribes might have entered the market on their very own. That measure was backed by DraftKings, BetMGM and FanDuel — the latter is the official odds supplier for The Associated Press — in addition to different nationwide sports activities betting operators and some tribes.

The initiative was being promoted for the funding it promised to funnel by tax revenues to assist the homeless, the mentally unwell and poorer tribes that have not been enriched by casinos.

The nonpartisan Legislative Analyst’s Office discovered each initiatives would have elevated state income but it surely was unclear by how a lot. Proposition 26 might have introduced in tens of tens of millions of {dollars} whereas Proposition 27 might have generated a whole lot of tens of millions, the workplace mentioned.

However, that income may need been offset if folks had been to spend cash on sports activities playing as a substitute of procuring or shopping for lottery tickets. Democratic Gov. Gavin Newsom did not take a place on both proposal however mentioned Proposition 27 was “not a homeless initiative.”

The California Republican Party opposed both proposals. State Democrats opposed Proposition 27 but were neutral on Proposition 26. Major League Baseball backed Proposition 27.

The No on Prop 26 campaign, funded largely by card rooms that stood to lose out, said the measure would have given a handful of wealthy and powerful tribes “a digital monopoly on all gaming in California.”

The No on 27 committee mentioned the proposal was primarily based on misleading guarantees and mentioned the gaming corporations behind it “did not write it for the homeless, they wrote it for themselves.”