The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) said on Tuesday that British Cycling had collected samples from riders and screened them for the banned anabolic steroid nandrolone at a private laboratory in 2011 in breach of international rules. However, the anti-doping body said that it would not make corrective recommendations to UK Anti-Doping (UKAD) over the allegations of wrongdoing by British Cycling.

WADA’s independent Intelligence and Investigations (I&I) unit launched ‘Operation Echo’ in March after media reports said UKAD allowed British Cycling to analyse samples from athletes at a non-accredited lab to check for prohibited substances. It said the probe confirmed that in February 2011, as part of a study into potential contamination of supplements, British Cycling collected samples from riders and tested them for the banned anabolic steroid.

Samples were collected by British Cycling staff and not doping control officers – contrary to the rules in the WADA code – and provided by athletes on the basis that UKAD would not know the results, it added. The investigation found that at least one UKAD employee was aware of the study but the organisation did not have any record of ever receiving the analysis results and emails that would have shown their “real-time knowledge” of key events.

WADA I&I Director Gunter Younger said the investigation confirmed “potential wrongdoing” by individuals in both British Cycling and UKAD at the time. “‘Operation Echo’ makes no corrective recommendations as those involved in the events of 2011 are no longer employed by UKAD, and UKAD has already put safeguards in place to avoid a repeat occurrence,” Younger said in a statement.

“It’s important to acknowledge that WADA I&I received the full cooperation and transparency of British Cycling and UKAD throughout our investigation.” Reuters has contacted British Cycling and UKAD for comment.

WADA said their investigation also covered an allegation that UKAD had released individual athletes’ biological passport data to British Cycling in 2016, but did not find any evidence. It also did not find evidence to uphold allegations that UKAD had allowed two athletes to test supplements privately and produce analysis results at an anti-doping hearing as part of their defence following adverse analytical findings.

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