Background

Vaccination created a great breakthrough towards the improvement to the global health. The development of vaccine and their practice made a substantial decrease and control in infectious diseases. The abundance and emergence of new vaccines has facilitated targeting populations to alleviate and eliminate contagious pathogens from their innate reservoir. However, along with the infections like malaria and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), effective immunization remains obscure and imparts a great challenge unto the realm of science.

Purpose and scope

A novel Corona virus SARS-CoV-2 reason for causing Corona virus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) crashed the human population and rapidly spread round the world within the half of 2020 created a worldwide epidemic. The need for establishing a protected and compelling COVID-19 immunization is a global prerequisite to end this pandemic.

Summary and conclusion

The different vaccine technologies like inactivation, attenuation, nucleic acid, viral vector, subunit and viral particle based techniques are employed to develop a safe and highly efficient vaccine. The progress in vaccine development for SARS-CoV2 is much faster in the history of science. Even though there exist lot of limitations, continuous efforts has put forward so as to develop highly competent and effective vaccine for many human and animal linked diseases due to its unlimited prospective. This review article focus on the historical outlook and the development of the vaccine as it is a crucial area of research where the life of the human is saved from various potential diseases.

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