This story initially appeared on Grist and is a part of the Climate Desk collaboration.

Last week, a protracted, slender part of the Earth’s environment funneled trillions of gallons of water eastward from the Pacific tropics and unleashed it on California. This climate occasion, generally known as an atmospheric river, broke rainfall records, dumped more than a foot of rain on elements of the state, and knocked out energy for 800,000 residents. At least nine people died in automotive crashes or had been killed by falling timber. But the complete brunt of the storm’s well being impacts is probably not felt for months.

The flooding attributable to intensifying winter rainstorms in California helps to unfold a lethal fungal illness referred to as coccidioidomycosis, or valley fever. “Hydroclimate whiplash is increasingly wide swings between extremely wet and extremely dry conditions,” mentioned Daniel Swain, a local weather scientist on the University of California, Los Angeles. Humans are discovering it troublesome to adapt to this new sample. But fungi are thriving, Swain mentioned. Valley fever, he added, “is going to become an increasingly big story.”

Cases of valley fever in California broke data final yr after 9 back-to-back atmospheric rivers slammed the state and prompted widespread, record-breaking flooding. Last month, the California Department of Public Health put out an advisory to health care providers that mentioned it recorded 9,280 new circumstances of valley fever with onset dates in 2023—the very best quantity the division has ever documented. In an announcement supplied to Grist, the California Department of Public Health mentioned that final yr’s local weather and illness sample point out that there may very well be “an increased risk of valley fever in California in 2024.”

“If you look at the numbers, it’s astonishing,” mentioned Shangxin Yang, a scientific microbiologist on the University of California, Los Angeles. “About 15 years ago in our lab, we only saw maybe one or two cases a month. Now, it’s two or three cases a week.”

Valley fever—named for California’s San Joaquin Valley, the place the illness was found in a farmworker within the late 1800s—is attributable to the spores of a fungus referred to as Coccidioides. When inhaled, the spores may cause extreme sickness in people and a few animal species, together with canine. The fungus is especially delicate to local weather extremes. Coccidioides doesn’t thrive in areas of the US that get year-round rain, nor can it stand up to persistent drought.